Children exposed to maternal smoking before birth are more likely to experience behavioral and mental health challenges, according to a large study funded by the National Institutes of Health’s Environmental influences on Child Health Outcomes (ECHO) Program.

Children growing up in homes with water damage or dampness and exposed to higher levels of outdoor air pollution during early childhood face a greater risk of developing asthma, according to new ECHO Study.

This ECHO study leveraged data from multiple cohort sites across the United States to better clarify associations between air pollutants such as PM_2.5 and NO₂ on children’s blood pressure.

Study highlights increased risk, especially in Western states and during intense smoke events.